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Deploying Portainer behind Traefik Proxy

Traefik Proxy is a reverse proxy and load balancing solution focused on micro services.

Deploying in a Docker Standalone scenario

To deploy Portainer behind Traefik Proxy in a Docker standalone scenario you must use a Docker Compose file. In the following docker-compose.yml you will find the configuration for Portainer Traefik with SSL support and the Portainer Server.

version: "3.3"

services:
  traefik:
    container_name: traefik
    image: "traefik:latest"
    command:
      - --entrypoints.web.address=:80
      - --entrypoints.websecure.address=:443
      - --providers.docker
      - --log.level=ERROR
      - --certificatesresolvers.leresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true
      - --certificatesresolvers.leresolver.acme.email=your-email #Set your email address here, is for the generation of SSL certificates with Let's Encrypt. 
      - --certificatesresolvers.leresolver.acme.storage=./acme.json
      - --certificatesresolvers.leresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
      - "./acme.json:/acme.json"
    labels:
      - "traefik.http.routers.http-catchall.rule=hostregexp(`{host:.+}`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.http-catchall.entrypoints=web"
      - "traefik.http.routers.http-catchall.middlewares=redirect-to-https"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.redirect-to-https.redirectscheme.scheme=https"

  portainer:
    image: portainer/portainer-ee:2.23.0
    command: -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
      - portainer_data:/data
    labels:
      # Frontend
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.frontend.rule=Host(`portainer.yourdomain.com`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.frontend.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.services.frontend.loadbalancer.server.port=9000"
      - "traefik.http.routers.frontend.service=frontend"
      - "traefik.http.routers.frontend.tls.certresolver=leresolver"

      # Edge
      - "traefik.http.routers.edge.rule=Host(`edge.yourdomain.com`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.edge.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.services.edge.loadbalancer.server.port=8000"
      - "traefik.http.routers.edge.service=edge"
      - "traefik.http.routers.edge.tls.certresolver=leresolver"


volumes:
  portainer_data:

Before you run this file in Docker, you will need to create the acme.json file with permission 600 that will store the SSL certificates. Once it has been created, you can define the file path in the following sections in the Docker Compose file:

In the volumes and command section of the Traefik Proxy container:

- "./acme.json:/acme.json"
- --certificatesresolvers.leresolver.acme.storage=./acme.json

You also need to enter your email address for Let's Encrypt registration.

- --certificatesresolvers.leresolver.acme.email=your-email

Next, customize some labels in the Traefik container. The following labels need to be updated with the URL that you want use to access Portainer:

- "traefik.http.routers.frontend.rule=Host(`portainer.yourdomain.com`)"
- "traefik.http.routers.edge.rule=Host(`edge.yourdomain.com`)"

Once this is done, you're ready to deploy Portainer:

docker-compose up -d

After the images have been downloaded and deployed you will able to access Portainer from the URL you defined earlier, for example: https://portainer.yourdomain.com.

Deploying in a Docker Swarm scenario

To deploy Portainer behind Traefik Proxy in a Docker Swarm scenario you must use a Docker Compose file. In the following docker-compose.yml you will find the configuration for Portainer Traefik with SSL support and the Portainer Server.

This deployment assumes you are running one manager node. If you are using multiple managers we advise reading this knowledge base article before proceeding.

Before deploying the Docker Compose file, you need to create two elements: networks and volumes.

First, create two overlay networks:

 docker network create -d overlay agent_network
 docker network create -d overlay public

Then create the volume:

 docker volume create portainer_data

Save this recipe as portainer.yml:

version: '3.2'

services:
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:latest"
    command:
      - --entrypoints.web.address=:80
      - --entrypoints.websecure.address=:443
      - --providers.docker=true
      - --providers.docker.swarmMode=true
      - --providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false
      - --providers.docker.network=public
      - --api
      - --log.level=ERROR
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    networks:
      - public
    volumes:
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"

  agent:
    image: portainer/agent:2.23.0
    environment:
      # REQUIRED: Should be equal to the service name prefixed by "tasks." when
      # deployed inside an overlay network
      AGENT_CLUSTER_ADDR: tasks.agent
      # AGENT_PORT: 9001
      # LOG_LEVEL: debug
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
      - /var/lib/docker/volumes:/var/lib/docker/volumes
    networks:
      - agent_network
    deploy:
      mode: global
      placement:
        constraints: [node.platform.os == linux]

  portainer:
    image: portainer/portainer-ee:2.23.0
    command: -H tcp://tasks.agent:9001 --tlsskipverify
    volumes:
      - data:/data
    networks:
      - public
      - agent_network
    deploy:
      mode: replicated
      replicas: 1
      placement:
        constraints: [node.role == manager]
      labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.portainer.rule=Host(`portainer.yourdomain.com`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.portainer.entrypoints=web"
      - "traefik.http.services.portainer.loadbalancer.server.port=9000"
      - "traefik.http.routers.portainer.service=portainer"
      # Edge
      - "traefik.http.routers.edge.rule=Host(`edge.yourdomain.com`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.edge.entrypoints=web"
      - "traefik.http.services.edge.loadbalancer.server.port=8000"
      - "traefik.http.routers.edge.service=edge"

networks:
  public:
    external: true
  agent_network:
    external: true

volumes:
   data:

Finally, customize these labels to match the URL that you want to use to access Portainer:

- "traefik.http.routers.frontend.rule=Host(`portainer.yourdomain.com`)"
- "traefik.http.routers.edge.rule=Host(`edge.yourdomain.com`)"

You can now deploy Portainer by executing the following:

 docker stack deploy portainer -c portainer.yml

To check the deployment, run docker service ls. You should see an output similar to the following:

ID                  NAME                  MODE                REPLICAS            IMAGE                          PORTS
lt21zrypsll6        portainer_agent       global              1/1                 portainer/agent:2.23.0
m6912ynwdcd7        portainer_portainer   replicated          1/1                 portainer/portainer-ee:2.23.0
tw2nb4i640e4        portainer_traefik     replicated          1/1                 traefik:latest                 *:80->80/tcp, *:443->443/tcp

Once the services are running, you will able to access Portainer from the URL you defined earlier, for example: portainer.yourdomain.com.

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